RTL and bidirectional text
type: TechArticle
description: Sites that serve Arabic, Hebrew, Persian, or Urdu must set dir="rtl" and use CSS logical properties so layouts mirror correctly without hard-coded left and right.
language: en
is part of: Web Specification Studio
author: Web Specification Studio
publisher: Web Specification Studio
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date modified: 2026-07-09T00:00:00.000Z
citation: W3C i18n — Structural markup and right-to-left text in HTML
  type: CreativeWork
  publisher: W3C
citation: W3C i18n — Inline markup and bidirectional text in HTML
  type: CreativeWork
  publisher: W3C
citation: MDN — CSS logical properties and values
  type: CreativeWork
  publisher: MDN

Web Specification Studio
type: WebSite

Web Specification Studio
type: Organization

breadcrumb
type: BreadcrumbList
item list element: Home
  type: ListItem
  position: 1
  item: https://webspecification.com/
item list element: Spec
  type: ListItem
  position: 2
  item: https://webspecification.com/spec/
item list element: Internationalisation
  type: ListItem
  position: 3
  item: https://webspecification.com/spec/i18n/
item list element: RTL and bidirectional text
  type: ListItem
  position: 4
  item: https://webspecification.com/spec/i18n/rtl-support/